How to Manage Your Blood Sugar When You're Sick

When you're not feeling well, managing diabetes can be a bit of a challenge. In the midst of feeling under the weather, it's important to maintain a healthy balance of your blood sugar levels. Whether it's a common cold, the flu, or a stomach bug, being equipped with the right tools can help you minimize the chances of complications and stay healthy. 

Even something as minor as a cold can throw your body's systems out of balance. Your body releases hormones like cortisol and adrenaline to fight off the infection. These hormones help battle illness but can also cause your liver to produce more glucose, leading to elevated blood sugar when sick. At the same time, some illnesses can reduce your appetite, making it difficult to eat regularly, which leads to low blood sugar. 

This balancing act is further complicated by medications you might take, some of which also affect your blood sugar. 

Having elevated blood sugar when you’re sick can manifest in several ways. You might experience:

• Increased thirst.
• Frequent urination.
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Confusion

When you’re sick, it’s essential to monitor your blood glucose levels more frequently, typically every two to four hours or as your healthcare provider recommends. A continuous glucose monitor (CGM) can help you keep a detailed log of your readings, without the hassle of frequent fingersticks. Keeping track of your levels frequently can help you and your healthcare provider make informed decisions about your treatment plan. Find out if you qualify for a CGM through your insurance now, in just a few steps.

While a common cold might not directly cause a dramatic spike in blood sugar, the body's response to the infection can certainly impact your glucose levels. The hormones your body releases to help fight off the illness can increase glucose production by the liver, which can lead to higher blood sugar levels when sick. 

This is particularly true for people with type 2 diabetes. Since type 2 diabetes often involves some degree of insulin resistance, the added stress of a cold can exacerbate this resistance, leading to significantly higher blood sugar when sick. 

Yes, vomiting can cause low blood sugar. This is because vomiting can make it difficult to keep food down, potentially leading to low blood sugar. However, the stress of vomiting can also cause your liver to release more glucose, leading to high blood sugar. 

If you have diabetes and are experiencing nausea and vomiting, it's important to stay hydrated by sipping clear liquids like water, broth, or sugar-free electrolyte drinks. Even if you can't eat solid food, try to consume small amounts of carbohydrates in liquid form, such as diluted juice or a sports drink, to prevent your blood sugar from dropping too low. 

Please contact your healthcare provider immediately if you are unable to drink enough fluids, are vomiting repeatedly, or are concerned about your blood sugar levels.

Having a stomach virus and diabetes can be a particularly difficult combination. The vomiting and diarrhea associated with stomach viruses can quickly lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, further complicating blood sugar control. 

Prioritize hydration, monitor your blood sugar frequently, and consult your doctor for guidance on managing both the virus and your diabetes.

Preparation is key to dealing with diabetes when sick. Assemble a sick-day toolkit that includes:

• Glucose meter and test strips.
• Ketone test strips.
• Fast-acting carbohydrates (glucose tablets, juice boxes).
• Sugar-free electrolyte drinks.
• Over-the-counter medications (as approved by your doctor).
• Contact information for your healthcare team.

While many illnesses can be managed at home, certain situations require immediate medical attention. Contact your doctor if you experience any of the following:

• Persistent vomiting or diarrhea.
• High ketone levels.
• Blood sugar levels consistently above 240 mg/dL.
• Confusion or difficulty staying awake.
• Difficulty breathing.

Managing diabetes when you’re sick requires vigilance and the right resources.  One of the most valuable tools for managing your blood sugar, particularly while you’re sick, is a Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM). CGMs provide real-time glucose readings, helping you to identify trends, avoid dangerous highs and lows, and feel better quicker!

Aeroflow Diabetes provides convenient access to diabetes supplies delivered right to your door. Fill out our easy Eligibility Form today to see if you qualify for a CGM through your insurance.

Aeroflow Diabetes Disclaimer

Information provided on the Aeroflow Diabetes website is not intended as a substitute for medical advice or care from a healthcare professional. Aeroflow recommends consulting your healthcare provider if you are experiencing medical issues relating to diabetes care.